Chapter 6: Transcultural Perspectives in the Nursing Care of Children
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Children in a Culturally Diverse Society #1
Cultural survival depends on the transmission of values and customs from one generation to the next.
Culture influences child growth, development, health, and illness.
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Children in a Culturally Diverse Society #2
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Children as a Population
Elements to consider:
Racial and ethnic composition
Poverty
Children’s health status
Growth and development
Infant attachment
Crying
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In all cultures, infants and children are valued and nurtured because they represent the promise of future generations.
Parental cultural beliefs and practices influence behaviors and interventions.
Culture-Universal and Culture-Specific Child Rearing #1
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Culture-Universal and Culture-Specific Child Rearing #2
Culture influences child rearing:
Nutrition: feeding and eating behaviors
Sleep
Elimination
Menstruation
Parent–child relationships and discipline
Child abuse
Gender differences
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Culture-Universal and Culture-Specific Child Rearing #3
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Question #1
Is the following statement true or false?
Differences between boys and girls are generally subtle, first appear at puberty, and exert minimal influence on adult roles within a culture.
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Answer to Question #1
False
Rationale: Differences between boys and girls appear early in life and form the basis for adult roles within a culture.
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Health and Health Promotion #1
Parents might persist with culturally based beliefs and practices even when scientific evidence refutes them.
The family is the primary health care provider for infants, children, and adolescents.
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10
Health and Health Promotion #2
Influencing factors:
Illness
Health belief systems
Biocultural influences on childhood disorders
Immunity, intermarriage, ethnicity, race
Beliefs regarding causes of chronic illness/disability
Special health care needs of adolescents
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Question #2
Is the following statement true or false?
Illness is viewed by many cultures as a form of punishment.
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Answer to Question #2
True
Rationale: A family and/or child with a chronic illness or disability may believe that they have been cursed by a supreme being, have sinned, or violated a taboo.
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Culturally Competent Nursing Care for Children and Adolescents #1
Nursing Assessment of the Family
Cultural background
Family belief systems
Mother may be most influential
Family structures
Nuclear, single-parent, blended, extended
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Culturally Competent Nursing Care for Children and Adolescents #2
Nursing Interventions
Physical care/hygiene
Communication
With child and family
Evaluation of the nursing care plan
Ask questions to determine if mutual goals were established
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Question #3
Is the following statement true or false?
All family members of a cultural group follow the culture of the larger group.
Example: All Chinese North American children show respect for authority, have polite social behavior, and a moderate-to-soft voice.
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Answer to Question #3
False
Rationale: Each family modifies the culture of the larger group in ways that are uniquely its own.
Individual differences, changing norms over time, the degree of acculturation, the length of time the family has lived in a country, and other factors account for variations from the stereotype.
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