Module 3: The Relationship of History with other Disciplines of Study
History and Social Sciences
HIST 101
Introduction to the Study of History
History and Social Sciences
History uses other disciplines of study to acquire information and knowledge. As you know, the study of history seeks to obtain extensive information that allows analyzing a historical event in the broadest possible way. For this, history is complemented by the social sciences. Through the social sciences, historians obtain essential information to relate a historical moment in the most comprehensive way possible. Let's see how the social sciences help historians to write history.
Introduction
Objectives
At the end of the module, the student will be able to:
Explain the relationship between History and Social Sciences.
Recognize the area of study of specific Social Sciences.
Evaluate the importance of Social Sciences in the study of History.
Social Sciences
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Social Sciences
The sciences that deals with human behavior in its social and cultural aspects.
Geography
Is an area of study that deals with the locations of countries, cities, rivers, mountains, lakes, etc.
Geology
Is a science that studies rocks, layers of soil, etc., to learn about the history of the Earth and its life.
Chronology
A record of the order in which a series of events happened.
Archeology
Deals with past human life and activities by studying the bones, and tools of ancient people.
Anthropology
The study of human races, origins, societies, and cultures.
Paleontology
It deals with the fossils of animals and plants that lived very long ago.
Economics
Is a science concerned with the process by which goods and services are produced, sold, and bought.
Psychology
The study of the mind and behavior.
Sociology
The study of society, social institutions, and social relationships.
Politics
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Activities that relate to influencing the actions and policies of a government or getting and keeping power in a government.
Relationship Between History and Social Sciences
History is the study of the past to understand the present.
The study of history includes persons, society, and events that occurred in the past. This is where history is related to social sciences.
History and social sciences are complementary.
Social scientists must consider the origins of the phenomena they study. Therefore, the social sciences also need history.
Social Sciences and History
Historical events have consequences in society, politics, human behavior, and migration, among other phenomena studied by social sciences.
At the same time, social sciences provide many explanations to understand historical events.
Social Sciences and History
History
Social Sciences
The political institutions are the product of history. To understand them is necessary to know their evolution.
The actions of the states, governments, political parties, political leaders, rulers, statesmen, politicians, and diplomats all create history.
Political leaders determine the course of history through their policies, decisions, and actions.
Politics and History
An example from politics and history is a democracy, in which citizens can choose their rulers.
Our current political system is a democratic one.
The origins of democracy are found in ancient Greece. Anyone who wants to know about democracy as a political system must refer to Greek history.
Politics and History
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Sociology is concerned with the study of historical events in society.
Sociologists refer to history to explain social changes.
Similarly, history also needs social aspects.
Both, past and present, are essential to understand any social issue in totality.
Sociology and History
An example of an event that historians and sociologists study is the Hippie movement in the 1960 decade. That movement had significant changes in American society. At the same time, the movement spread through other countries and implied a shift in mind inside the society.
Sociology and History
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History is the manifestation of human behavior.
Psychology trains historians in detecting motives and intentions and drawing inferences from strange behavior.
A historian must have to show some psychological insights while making an analysis of the motive and actions of men and societies.
Psychology is the scientific explanation of possible human behavior, especially individual behavior.
Psychology and History
An example of how psychology can help us understand historical events is by studying the conduct of prominent leaders who made right or wrong.
In the case of Adolf Hitler, one of the figures of ungrateful memory in the 20th century, the psychologist ensured that he had psychological disorders such as paranoia, narcissistic personality, and posttraumatic stress condition.
Psychology and History
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The relationship between history and geography is incredibly close because they represent two dimensions of the same phenomenon.
Geography is the stage on which history is enacted, and geography determines the historical events.
Human beings’ modes of living, dieting, dressing, etc., are all determined by their physical environment.
Climatology has played a vital role in the formation of national character and influenced human endeavors and achievements.
Geography and History
An example of how geography and history are related are the wars.
Before the invasion of a country, the opposing army must study the enemy's geography to prepare their soldiers. Knowing the weather, mountains, topography, population, and important cities is crucial to determine a strategy.
Geography and History
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History is related to Economics.
The economic reality of each historical period is essential to the understanding of that period.
Economic conditions play a vital role in the course of history.
If a country reached some degree of civilization in a period, it must have been because of good economic conditions.
In the same way, if a country had some degree of decadence, surely is related to economic reasons.
Economics and History
An example of economics in history is The Great Depression, an economic crisis that brought to bankruptcy the economy in the 1930 decade.
This economic catastrophe changed the history of the economy in the 20th century and greatly affected the United States.
Economics and History
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Social Sciences and History: Differences
Research Techniques in Social Sciences and History
Social scientists use questionnaires, sampling, interviews, participant observation, comparative methods, theoretical models, mainframe computers, and statistical data analysis.
Historians analyze primary and secondary resources. Utilize interviews, oral history, and historical documents to do research. They mostly use qualitative methods.
Britannica Dictionary. https://www.britannica.com/dictionary
Mcdowell, B. (2013). Historical Research: A Guide for Writers of Dissertations, Theses, Articles and Books.Taylor and Francis.
Nationa Geographic Society. History and Branches of Anthropology. National Geographic.
Preparation World. Relationship of history with other social sciences.
Samuel, A. (April 22, 2022). Relationship between social sciences and history. School Drillers.
References
Review as many times as required the information contained in the module folder (includes this presentation).
Read the reference material to clarify any questions.
Carry out all the activities according to the instructions.
Submit assignments on the indicated date through the educational platform.
Congratulations you have reviewed the theoretical summary of this week's topic!
Actively participate in collaborative sessions.
Remember that to successfully build your learning it is important that:
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