Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws” is a definition of ______.

Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, ora local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws” is a definition of ______.Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, ora local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws” is a definition of ______.a. criminalb. deviancec. crimed. criminology2. The belief that crime is an antisocial act of such a nature that repression is necessary topreserve the existing system of society is the basis of the ________ perspective on crime.a. politicalb. legalc. sociologicald. psychological3. The psychological perspective sees crime primarily as ______.a. problem behaviorb. a violation of a lawc. an offense against human relationshipsd. an antisocial act4. Which of the following behaviors is criminal only when committed by a child or youth?a. shoplifting a candy barb. drinking alcoholc. joyridingd. speeding5. The pluralistic perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through ______.a. the existence of shared norms and valuesb. consensusc. the general agreement of most members of societyd. a political processUnit 1 Examination32GED 260 Criminology6. ________ is the field of study that is concerned primarily with the causes and consequences ofcrime.a. Criminalityb. Criminal justicec. Criminalisticsd. Criminology7. Which of the following crime reduction or prevention strategies is most characteristic of thesocial problems perspective?a. allocating federal funds to help states build and operate more prisonsb. a move to broaden police powers by increasing the number of exceptions to theExclusionary Rulec. a government-funded initiative to enhance educational opportunities among low-incomeindividualsd. rewriting state statutes to increase the severity of punishment for violent offenders, suchas three-strikes laws8. This book recognizes that crime is not an isolated individual activity but a(n) ________ event.a. economicb. socialc. deviantd. political9. An American visitor witnessing a crime in Japan may interpret the events differently thansomeone born within the Japanese culture. This is an example of ______.a. intercultural perspectiveb. politicizationc. social relativityd. deviant perception10. Ultimately, crime is a result of the coming together of inputs provided by all but which of thefollowing?a. the mediab. the criminal justice systemc. the victimd. societyUnit 1 Examination33GED 260 Criminology11. Which of the following is a background contribution by the offender?a. a specific intentb. a genetic inventoryc. a drug-induced state of mindd. a peculiar motivation12. The “evidence” in evidence-based criminology refers to ______.a. experimental scientific findingsb. social discussionsc. fingerprints found at the crime scened. information obtained from witnesses to the crime13. The ideas of armchair criminologists achieve acclaim in all but which of the following ways?a. the association of their ideas with institutions of higher learningb. publication in prestigious essaysc. the involvement of distinguished lecturersd. the systematic collection of related acts14. A(n) ________ is a series of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict,and ultimately control some class of events.a. theoryb. experimentc. hypothesisd. variable15. Which of the following statements is an example of a theory?a. Poverty is a root cause of illegal drug use.b. Increasing job opportunities will not reduce crime.c. Requiring everyone to earn a high school degree will lead to a reduction in crime.d. Crime rates increased in the past year.Unit 1 Examination34GED 260 Criminology16. After the results of a large research study on police procedures were publicized, theresearchers were interested in determining whether the study had affected police policy. Theresearcher telephoned a large number of big-city police departments and asked a number ofquestions about department policies and procedures. This is an example of whichdata-gathering strategy?a. participant observationb. case studyc. survey researchd. secondary analysis17. After research into the effectiveness of Project D.A.R.E. found that the program wasineffective, publication of the research results was blocked. A representative of the NationalInstitute of Justice stated that they did not agree with one of the study’s major findings. Whatethical issue applies here?a. data confidentialityb. protection of human subjectsc. informed consentd. objectivity18. In a research report, the ________ is a brief summation of the findings of the report.a. analysisb. abstractc. prefaced. review of the existing literature19. Which submission requirement tends to be the same for all professional refereed journals?a. the style of the referencesb. the amount of the submission feec. a prohibition on simultaneous submissionsd. the method