Case Study:Estimating Chronic Disease Case Study:Estimating Chronic Di

Case Study:Estimating Chronic Disease

Case Study:Estimating Chronic Disease

Case Study:Estimating Chronic Disease

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NR 503 Week 3 Week 3: Estimating Risk, Chronic Disease, and Cohort Design
NR 503 Week 3: Discussion- Current Event – This week we will explore current events related to epidemiology. You will present a scientific article to the class. Please focus on interpreting the research question, methodology, results, and conclusions from a sample of peer-reviewed scientific literature. Please be sure the article is related to epidemiology, summarizing its contents for the class, and providing a succinct written summary. Current events must have been published within the last six months. Written summaries should include:

State the objectives of the study
Summarize the study design and findings
Provide a reference of the article
Provide your opinion on how the “average” reader will respond to the article. Will the article influence decision making or thinking? Does the article leave out any important information?
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NR 503 Week 3: Discussion- Current Event Sample
Zaire ebolavirus is a filovirus with five subspecies (Bundibugyo, Zaire, Restone, Tai Forest, and Sudan) with a case fatality ratio of 25-90% (Barry et al, 2018). It is transmitted through contact with the body fluids of infected patients (CDC, 2018). The way of stopping the transmission is by patient isolation and care, early diagnosis, infection control, rigorous tracking of contacts, and the use of targeted vaccination. NR 503 Week 3 Week 3: Estimating Risk, Chronic Disease, and Cohort Design.

On May 3, 2018, the Ministry of Health of the Democratic Republic of the Congo was notified from the Health Division of Equateur Providence that 40 cases of fever (95%) with gastrointestinal symptoms, general fatigue (37 [90%] cases), loss of appetite (37 [90%]), and hemorrhagic signs (14 [33%] people) were occurred including 17 deaths due to possible Ebola virus (Barry et al, 2018). These data were collected by health professionals attending to cases and field investigators. On May 8, 2018, the Democratic Republic of the Congo reported 50 cases (13 probable, 37 confirmed) of Ebola virus disease in Equateur Province where is connected to the capital city (Barry et al, 2018). In order to confirm the cases, detection of Ebola virus RNA in body fluids or blood by reverse transcription PCR was required and used. Since the affected area is concentrated with high population, this outbreak is the highest and complex risk ever experienced by the Democratic Republic of the Congo. On May 20, 2018, 25 deaths from Ebola virus disease had been reported (Barry et al, 2018). In addition, they also reported that 1,458 contacts had been reported and addition 78 cases were confirmed, assuming heterogeneous transmissibility (Barry et al, 2018). The median age of people with probable or confirmed infection was 40 years and usually male (30 [60%]) (Barry et al, 2018).

The design of the study is an epidemiological study with the case-controlled group since it studied people that have already contracted the disease. This study also reviewed published epidemiological evidence about clinical characteristics of Ebola virus disease and contrasted the results of past outbreaks. The aim of this study was to investigate and control the current Ebola virus disease outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The results showed that the epidemiological characteristics and features of this outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, such as signs and symptoms of cases were consistent with previous outbreaks of Ebola virus disease in West Africa(Barry et al, 2018). It also reported that the most common exposures were caused by contact with infected people and participation in traditional burial rites for those who have died from this disease. The source of this outbreak is unknown; however, it’s possible that a new chain of transmission could occur after sexual contact with a male survivor (CDC, 2018). In addition, the case fatality ratio was higher than when this outbreak occurred in West Africa from 2014 to 2016 (Barry et al, 2018). Since West Africa has greater access to Ebola treatment, the case fatality ratio was decreased. The article concluded the study with the importance of safe and dignified burials, community engagement, early detection, and implementation of Ebola treatment along with vaccination for outbreak control (Barry et al, 2018). NR 503 Week 3 Week 3: Estimating Risk, Chronic Disease, and Cohort Design. NR 503 Week 3 Week 3: Estimating Risk, Chronic Disease, and Cohort Design.

As the reader, I believe that this article was informative and written thoroughly with analytical data and literature reviews. The average reader would find this information useful since it’s easy to understand and follow without a lot of medical terminologies. The article is also reliable and credible by showing the author’s information on the article. The writer also believes that the article didn’t leave out any important information. The article will influence when the Ministry of Health of the Democratic Republic of the Congo reinforces the implementation of Ebola treatment and vaccination at community clinics, local hospitals, and public health centers since the study results show high mortality and fatality rate of Ebola virus disease.

NR 503 Week 3: Discussion- Current Event
Barry, Ahmadou et al. (2018). Outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, April–May 2018: An epidemiological study. The Lancet, 392 (2) 213-221, doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31387-4
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2018). 2018 Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bikoro. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/drc/2018-may.html NR 503 Week 3 Week 3: Estimating Risk, Chronic Disease, and Cohort Design.

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.
Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

• Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
• Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
• One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
• I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

Weekly Participation

• Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
• In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
• Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
• Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

APA Format and Writing Quality

• Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
• Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
• I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

Use of Direct Quotes

• I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
• As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
• It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

LopesWrite Policy

• For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
• Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
• Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
• Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

• The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
• Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
• If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
• I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
• As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

• Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
  • Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
  • Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.